Well Logging | |
Well logging is used to identify formation and other downhole properties of the well bore. Logging tools can include radioactive, electric, mechanical, and sonic tools, among others. Note: See also Wireline Operations and Perforating for descriptions of additional hazards. Potential Hazards:
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Perforating | ||||
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Cementing | |
Cementing and pumping operations may be performed by specialized pumping services or in conjunction with well servicing operations (such as, casing, squeezing, and zone isolations). The hazards involved will vary with mode of dry cement delivery and mixing as well as the primary designed function of the pumping equipment. Note: The special service supervisor should hold a pre-job meeting with the special service crew and other involved personnel to review responsibilities and coordinate the operations to be performed. Rig Up - Spotting and assembly of equipment to perform cementing or pumping operations. Potential Hazards:
Potential Hazards:
Potential Hazards:
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Stimulation | |
Well stimulation involves techniques to optimize well performance. This may include pumping of acids, energized fluids, and various other chemicals to improve formation flow characteristics. Note: The special service supervisor should hold a pre-job meeting with the special service crew and other involved personnel to review responsibilities and to coordinate the operations to be performed. Note: When pumping energized fluids (such as, carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen) substantial increased hazards exist related to asphyxiation, temperature extremes, and unexpected pressure releases. Use special procedures to ensure the safety of personnel. Rig Up - Spotting and assembly of equipment to perform stimulation operations. Potential Hazards:
Potential Hazards:
Potential Hazards:
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Swabbing | |
Swabbing is the act of pulling fluid from the well bore through the use of wire rope and cup assembly. Swabbing equipment includes a swabbing assembly, lubricator with an oil saver, and shut-off valve on the well, also called a swabbing valve. General precautions during all swabbing operations:
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Hot Oiling | |
A hot oil unit is designed to circulate heated fluid into piping, tubing, casing, or tanks for a variety of reasons, including the removal of paraffin and tar-based oils. Potential Hazard:
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Snubbing | |
Snubbing is the control of a tubing string while running it in or out of a well bore under pressure. Note: The special service supervisor should hold a pre-job meeting with the special service crew and other involved personnel to review responsibilities and to coordinate the operations to be performed. Potential Hazards:
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Coil Tubing | |
Technology allows tubing to be manufactured in a continuous coil without joints. Coiled tubing is inserted into the well down the production casing without the need for tongs, slips, or elevators. Potential Hazards:
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